What is a blackout?
Direct Answer
A blackout is a period of amnesia following substance consumption, typically alcohol, during which an individual is awake and interacting but later has no recall of events. It is a form of memory impairment. This does not necessarily mean loss of consciousness or that the individual appeared incapacitated to others at the time.
Common Misunderstandings
["People often believe a blackout means passing out. A blackout is a memory impairment while the person is typically conscious and functional.","It is sometimes thought that blackouts only occur with extreme intoxication. Blackouts can occur with varying levels of substance use, depending on individual factors.","Some believe blackouts are a choice or a sign of intentional memory suppression. Blackouts are an involuntary neurological response to substance effects on memory formation."]
In Practice
During a blackout, individuals may engage in conversations, perform tasks, or travel without forming memories of these actions. For example, a person might have a detailed discussion, drive to a different location, or complete complex activities, yet have no recall of them later. The individual's behavior during a blackout can appear normal to external observers. Memory loss for portions of an event or entire events can occur.
What This Does NOT Mean
["This does not mean the person was unconscious or asleep. Individuals in a blackout state are generally awake and interacting with their environment.","This does not include intentionally forgetting events. A blackout is an impairment of memory formation, not a conscious desire to forget.","This does not directly indicate specific future substance use patterns. While blackouts are associated with substance use, their occurrence does not guarantee future substance use behavior or severity."]
Scope
This information is for reference purposes only and does not constitute medical or clinical advice.